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På denne weblog publiceres indlæg og kommentarer om strategisk kommunikation og branding.

21.8.09

Ny kommunikationsmodel - relationsstrategi

I Kommunikatøren nr. 4/09 er en artikel om relationsstrategi. I nedenstående er rådgivernes fulde, ubeskårede udgave. Bysted afholder også et seminar og kursus om relationsstrategi.
Tjek: http://www.bysted.dk/Menu/Arrangementer

Relationsstrategi involverer interessenterne
i virksomhedernes kommunikation og branding


Mange virksomheder udvikler separate strategier for kommunikation, PR, branding, intern kommunikation og web. Men udmøntningen af strategierne påvirkes i stigende grad af interessenter, der deltager som medudviklere og -producenter af en levende omverdenskommunikation. Der er behov for en ny integrerende model, der adresserer virksomhedernes kommunikative virkelighed – en relationsstrategi.

Af Kommunikationsrådgiver Lars Sandstrøm og Martin Lund, Bysted A/S.

Organisationer, grupper og enkeltpersoner indgår i dag i netværk på tværs af en enkelt virksomheds struktur og organisation, og kommunikerer og udvikler forretningsmæssige relationer. Ikke mindst udviklingen af sociale netværk og communities har for alvor sat turbo på en udvikling, der påvirker virksomheders strategier - såvel på det forretningsmæssige som for udviklingen og udmøntningen af bæredygtige strategier for kommunikation og branding.

Hvor mange virksomheder hidtil har kunnet udvikle strategier i lukkede, interne processer, er det efterhånden blevet evident for virksomhederne, at strategier og planer ikke skaber værdi uden at være udviklet i en eller anden form integration og koordination med de interessenter, der skal leve af og med den kommunikation, som virksomhederne gennemfører.

En bæredygtig, holdbar strategi skal ikke bare give mening for virksomhedens kommunikationsafdeling. Ledelse og andre afdelinger med kommunikationsopgaver er også væsentlige medspillere i strategi-udformningen, og eksternt skal strategien kunne ”valideres” ved at afspejle de kommunikations-scenarier, som virksomheder kan befinde sig i på det længere sigt. En relationsstrategi og processen med at udvikle denne er her en ny metode til at skabe et integreret system for en flerdimensionel, refleksiv kommunikation – et system, der skaber forbindelse med intern og ekstern kommunikation, online og offline, kommunikation og forretning.

Opgør med brandingmodeller
Den nye model er et endeligt opgør med de traditionelle brandingmodeller, hvor alt kunne sættes på formel, og et brand i koncept og udformning var ensrettet, konsistent og formuleret med ét budskab – gentaget igen og igen, og…

Relationsstrategien fordrer, at kommunikation og branding er en refleksiv, foranderlig proces, som ikke skal eller kan forudsiges ned til mindste detalje - eller fastlægges en gang for alle af en virksomheds kommunikations¬afdeling. Det gælder, selv om strategien er nok så gennemtænkt og nøje udviklet, og forankringen i ledelse og organisation er orkestreret til punkt og prikke. Relationsstrategien tager udspring i, at interne og eksterne omverdener forandrer sig med en hidtil uset kraft, og at interessenterne i dag har værtkøjer til at påvirke og deltage i udviklingen af en virksomheds brand og i en aktiv kommunikation af virksomhedens værdier.

Relationsstrategien er imidlertid ikke et alt-tilpassende bløddyr uden rygrad. Den indeholder både en række faste principper for effektiv kommunikation, klare mål og succeskriterier, definition af interes¬sent-roller, beskrivelse af kommunikationsprojekter og –værktøjer, koncepter og temaer for kommunikation og markedsføring, samt en plan for måder at måle resultater og værdi af relationsudviklingen.

Involvering er nøgleord
Det kan forekomme at være et tungt apparat at komme i gang med udviklingen af en relationsstrategi. Og for de virksomheder, som hverken er vant til at arbejde med strategier for kommunikation, web, markedsføring eller PR er det da også en rigtig konklusion. Men for mange andre virksomheder vil relationsstrategien være en åbenbaring, da strategien og processen med at udvikle den vil være et samlende forum for alle relationsbaserede strategier, services, værdier, afdelinger og medarbejdere – og udmønte i et dokument og en model, der erstatter og samler alle kommunikationsorienterede strategier.

En anden bekymring kan gå på, om involveringen af kunder, brugere, forbrugere og andre interessenter ikke er en fordyrende og besværlig faktor i udviklingen af en relationsstrategi. Det korte svar er ”nej”. Det lidt længere svar er, at interessenterne alligevel involveres og involverer sig - med eller uden virksomhedens aktive ”accept”. Derfor bør virksomhederne i strategiprocessen udnytte den interesse, positiv som negativ, interessenterne allerede udviser. Derudover vil en interessent-involverende strategiproces også være med til at sikre realitet i udviklingen af strategien samt genkendelse og (en vis) stabilitet i udmøntningen af strategien.

Den netværksbaserede virksomhed
En væsentlig årsag til at skulle tage springet fra en klassisk strategi for kommunikation eller web til den moderne relationsstrategi skal da også findes i den altomfavnende udvikling af web, sociale medier og digitale tjenester. Virksomheder er, om de vil det eller ej, eksponeret for kritik, debat, omtale, chat og blogging i et omfang, der overgår de flestes forstand. Det gælder, hvad enten det er virksomheden, som eksponeres på officielle eller uofficielle websites, om det er grupper og debatter, der opstår i og omkring virksomheden og dens medarbejdere, eller om det er medarbejdere og ”tilhængere” af virksomheden og dens produkter, der omtaler og diskuterer virksomheden og produkterne - eller eksponerer sig selv som medarbejder i en virksomhed. Alle former og hybrider af disse er mulige, og mange helt uden for virksomhedens traditionelle kontrol og strategiske styring.

Relationsstrategien vil derfor også være et forum for at diskutere, definere og beslutte, hvor og hvordan virksomheden ønsker at være til stede og agere på de sociale medier og digitale platforme. Hvor al strategi for online kommunikation tidligere har koncentreret sig om virksomhedens egne webløsninger – primært internet og intranet – så fordrer relationsstrategien, at alle platforme tænkes ind i strategien, og at der tages nogle klare valg for, hvor virksomheden ønsker at eksponere sig og deltage aktivt i dialogen med sine interessenter.

So ein ding…oder
Nogle virksomheder vil nok sige, at relationsstrategien allerede er en realitet i deres organisation. Kommuni¬kation og markedsføring koordineres, online og offline spiller sammen, strategien nyder genklang i direktionen, og effekt måles og evalueres. Erfaringen er dog, at det er virkeligheden de færreste steder. Silo-organisering, manglende koordination, usammenhængende eller manglende strategier er hverdag, og virksomhederne famler med dag-til-dag driftsopgaver, som sjældent er til debat, men forankret i tradition og ”sådan-gør-vi-her”-vaner. Virksomheder har i stigende grad behov for at få systematiseret interessent-relationerne.

. . . . . .
Relationsstrategi – en model til integreret kommunikation

En vellykket relationsstrategi kan eksempelvis udvikles gennem følgende syv trin:
1. Gennemfør en analyse af virksomhedens interessenter for at kortlægge kommunikations-udfordringer og relationsmuligheder.
2. Etablér en projektgruppe med nøglepersoner fra afdelinger med kommunikationsopgaver,
fx kommunikation, marketing, HR, salg, F&U og IT.
3. Udvikl strategien, område for område, gennem workshops i projektgruppen.
4. Involvér interessenterne gennem testpaneler eller fokusgrupper, hvor koncepter, tekster og identitetselementer diskuteres og afprøves.
5. Sørg for at strategien afspejler fokus i forretningsstrategien. Og anvend fx samme ledelsesstyringsmodel (fx balanced scorecard) som topledelse til at systematisere mål og succeskriterier (indikatorer).
6. Udvælg relations-ambassadører til internt at udbrede kendskab og forståelse for relationsstrategien.
7. Følg op på relationsstrategien gennem målinger af resultater og effekt – og tilpas strategien gennem halvårlige audits.

Hvad er en relationsstrategi?
En relationsstrategi integrerer en virksomheds interne og eksterne kommunikation på tværs af afdelinger, kommunikationsformer, platforme og medier. Den inviterer til og involverer interessenterne i dialog og netværksdannelse og indeholder guidelines og metoder til effektiv interaktion med en organisationens interessenter. Målet er at udvikle flerdimensionelle, refleksive relationer, der er forankret i forretnings¬strategien - og som skaber værdi for både virksomhed og interessenter.

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